Chimpanzee and the close relations to humans Research Paper

Chimpanzee and the nearby relations to people - Research Paper Example Other than the hereditary coding, which clarifies how we are comparative hereditarily, there are likewise different elements, which could show an immediate connection. The first is the manner by which chimpanzees live socially with each other. They frequently live in group social orders being lead by an alpha male as they chase for food. They additionally structure profoundly complex social connections, which at that point appears as romance and mating conduct. Like in human societies, the alpha male increases support through different individuals from the network (Power 37-51). Chimpanzees additionally have insights, which are tantamount to that of people and are exceptionally clever in the set of all animals. They have a social brain science in that they comprehend the sorted out jobs in the public eye. They are likewise equipped for dissecting issues and understanding them. One of these ways, which associates incredibly solid to human conduct, is through the production of apparatu ses. Chimpanzees are one of the not very many living beings that can make instruments other than people. Chimpanzees additionally have a very mind boggling type of language. This incorporates both nonverbal and verbal types of correspondence just as hand signals and developments. Up until this point, there have been more than 500 distinct signs, which have been recognized by researchers (Cohen 116-18). Other than the social parts, which make chimpanzees like people, there are hereditary and natural segments, which interface the two species. There is not exactly a 2% contrast in the hereditary coding and variety of the quality grouping. This is because of minor changes in the hereditary code. Likewise, certain qualities were expelled while others were kept. It is speculated that these little transformations in the hereditary code are what permitted people to pick up their versatile highlights and from that point forward has clarified why mankind has flourished (Reeve, and Black 53-6) . It is, notwithstanding, appropriate to bring up the distinctions that different homo from container. The principal is the crude technique for motion. While people presently have the ability to walk upstanding, chimpanzees despite everything stroll down on the ground. In particular, they stroll on their knuckles, which has restricted the advancement of the full scope of engine works in the hand. Despite the fact that they have a profoundly developed social structure, it despite everything works on the premises of nature and basic force, which is applied using power. A portion of these are the aftereffect of natural development and a portion of the characteristics are the consequence of long periods of learning and information amassing just as the going down of conventions and aptitudes. There is unquestionably a connection between the two chimpanzees and people. The specific connection and normal family has not been distinguished at this point. As investigated, there are numerous s ocial and learning qualities, for example, the association of networks, which are like the two species. The evident realities of science show that hereditarily, we share comparable coding which must mean the consequence of a unique transformative procedure, which happened. There has additionally been a lot of examination, which has been done so as to show the connection between how chimpanzees and people can collaborate with one another. There has likewise been research done into understanding the relational abilities that chimpanzees have. So as to locate the distinct connection between the family line of people and chimpanzees, not exclusively should the hereditary code be recognized, yet in addition do the fossils which would show the connection. Works Cited Cohen, Jon. Nearly Chimpanzee: Searching for What Makes Us Human,

Managing International Business In China -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Managing International Business In China? Answer: Presentation Web based business is one of the most discussed business word since a decade ago, a great deal of credit can be given to Amazon.com to take web based business to the statures imagined and ought to be acknowledged for beginning something so pertinent for the whole world. Amazon.com is one of the biggest online commercial center interfacing purchasers and venders (Bhatt, Patel, Chheda Gawande, 2015). The organization which was begun at the rear of a carport path in 1994 by the current visionary Jeff Bezos now has risen as the biggest web based business player in the market. Amazon was propelled at first as an online book shop, hardly any years after the fact the organization forayed into DVD, Games, Lifestyle, Clothing, Consumer tough, web administrations and so forth, the organization as of now brags of more than a great many items recorded on its site, finely curated to make simple perusing for its customers(Smith, Rupp Offodile, 2017). The organization works through three fragments over the globe; North America, International and Amazon web administrations. One of the most astounding highlights of Amazons plan of action is that it works on Marketplace model, which implies that it doesn't hold or control any stock of its own; it just gives a stage where the merchants can offer their great to the purchasers (Kristensen, Penner, Nguyen, Moy Lam, 2017) Amazon earned income of 136 Billion in the year 2016 and it representatives over lakh individuals working in its workplaces which are arranged across 13 regions, despite the fact that the organization ships item in just about 185 nations and traders from more than 100 nations list their item on its site (Chen Wilson, 2016). It is actually an unthinkable assignment to try and envision how the organization easy works its business activity which is spread across such a significant number of nations, regardless of the plenty of nations the organization is working in, Amazon despite everything stay one of the most esteemed and client driven organization on the planet. How much ever the opposition might be rising, Amazon consistently pulls out accepted procedures to charm the clients and its reliable development in improving the client assistance keeps its way in front of all its competitors(Schmidlin, 2014). Amazon has been additionally making colossal commitment to the world by its cloud administrations, likewise called as Amazon web administrations, is obviously significantly greater than the Microsoft (Schein, 2017) The motivation behind the report here is to do a relative investigation of how Amazon is contending in the market and comprehension of its serious position. The report will likewise feature how Amazon is utilizing its serious edge to give extra advantages to its clients and still continue its situation of pioneer. The report will likewise feature the difficulties organization faces or has been looking in its whole excursion while exchanging across fringes. In the period of globalization, when the whole world is open at a tick, there still are difficulties in setting up a business in different nations. PESTLE examination will help in understanding the different large scale ecological powers to consider while assessing business opportunity. Toward the finish of the report certain techniques will be prescribed to Amazon on the most proficient method to upgrade its current business and keep up the serious edge over its rivals. Serious Position In a world with a populace of 7billion, where the web entrance is just about 51 %( 3.65 Billion), internet business segment will undoubtedly develop at a humongous rate. The present market projection for the development in web based business is required to be around 20% CAGR, which suggests there is a colossal undiscovered market as are the zones of improvement(Turban, Outland, King, Lee, Liang Turban,2017) A plenty of players are working in the online business segment, some of whom are a solid rivalry to Amazon. The organization has been utilizing the intensity of broadening technique, which can be seen from its differing enthusiasm by venturing into the web based spilling market, maker of purchasers gadgets, for example, Firefly and Echo and a sizable expansion of Amazon web administrations. Further, Porters 5 power model will help in seeing how the organization is working and keeping its serious edge in this developing business sector. Doorman investigation is a genuine impression of Amazons contending system since its reality in the internet business advertise; the model is examined in the later segment of the report, featuring its viability in going up against the market powers and rivalry (Soper, 2016) Certain players like Flipkart in India, E-Bay in the USA and different nations, Alibaba, Paytm are significant contenders of Amazon. The organization needs to remain on its feet consistently to continue its set up position of pioneer. It has been in the news as of late that Wal-Mart, the biggest retail player is hoping to enter in the web based business market, and this will additionally escalate the opposition (Christin, 2015). The web based business showcase fundamentally takes into account the B2C client section which incorporates the online retail and shopping. In one of the ongoing investigations led by Rauken (Marketing organization) in 2016, around 1.61 billion individuals from over the globe bought merchandise internet creating an all out turnover of 1.9 Trillion USD. In the event that at all projections are a sign the web based business showcase is touted to bounce to 4.06 trillion by 2020.All these realities subsequently infers the degree and the regularly expanding rivalry to increase a sizable pie of the web based business advertise (DaCosta, 2016) Amazon has an alternate way to deal with enter universal market, the methodology of the organization is to Go worldwide and think neighborhood, the organization tweaks its item and administrations to all the more likely suit the residential market. It leads a natural investigation which causes the organization to characterize its advertising blend. Deciding the 7P of promoting is half occupation done, the other half is finished by breaking down the opposition in the market, comprehend the item offering of the present specialist organizations and afterward fill the lacunae in the current market offering. So as to stay serious in the market, Amazon centers around the separation and cost administration technique. Cost initiative causes the organization to give the items in any event rate, and differentiator methodology encourages the organization to offer separated administrations. Amazon prime, Amazon web administrations Online supermarkets are a portion of the case of its separated st rategy(Steenkamp, 2017). Alibaba V/s Amazon-Competitive investigation Alibaba and Amazon are without a doubt the two biggest internet business organizations on the planet. Despite the fact that, if numbers must be accepted, Amazon is path in front of Alibaba due to its worldwide extension business procedure, and market predominance in the US and other large markets. Another separating factor between both the organizations is its web stages, Amazon is a shut framework which oversees everything identified with the stockroom, providers, clients and the coordinations. Then again, Alibaba is an open stage which offers capacity to singular partners. Thus, it tends to be seen that Alibaba needs to engage the individuals who are enrolled on the stage, while Amazon needs to control the equivalent to convey most extreme efficiency to the clients(Choi, 2017). Jeff Bezos, who is viewed as one of the best visionary of its occasions was in every case away from the way of thinking for Amazon. He needed Amazon to be recognized as client driven association, an association which concentrates all its activity, approaches and methodology around its clients. The equivalent is profoundly obvious by its fantastic client assistance, notwithstanding the endlessness of the business; it always remembers to focus on even its littlest client. Amazons evaluating, conveyance, client care is both noteworthy and in a fitment with client looking for values. Amazon is truly fixated on the evaluating, the nature of items and in this way keeps not many providers and keeps up an exacting seller choice procedure (Allen, 2015) Alibabas business technique is progressively focussed on being a cost chief, it has faith in giving the most reduced cost items to the clients, which is additionally the USP of the organization. Consequently, in understanding to the Porters conventional upper hand, the organization has picked cost initiative as the feasible technique towards business maintainability. Despite what might be expected, Amazon centers around Cost initiative and acquires separation its administrations by including administrations like Amazon prime, Amazon music, one day conveyance gurantee and some more. The organization is focussed on the expansive market, in this way it bodes well to be a cost head and keep its item and administrations profoundly differentiated(Li, 2018). Plans of action Alibaba in the USA has been most popular for their B2B stage which interfaces the Chinese makers to organizations, and is enlisted as Alibaba.com, yet the excellence is that it doesn't make sizable income from US or some other market truly. Alibaba has been making practically 80% of its cash from the Chinese market alone now that is something to be extremely pleased with. Taobao which is a division of Alibaba is the place they make dominant part of the cash. The model of Taobao is like E-Bay, where the organization permits independent ventures and customers to list their merchandize available to be purchased. Taobao shopping center, another incredible division of Alibaba has a plan of action like that of Amazon, it additionally doesn't hold any stock and just associates the purchasers with dealers (Viswanadham, 2017). It is actually a modest representation of the truth to state that the Chinese market is overwhelmed by Alibaba, in light of the fact that the business which Amazon does from USA advertise is no place really near what Alibaba makes from just the China market(Ojha, 2016) Amazon as has been said before works on a commercial center where outsider players sell their merchandise on its foundation .Recently Amazon has likewise been putting away and fabricating a portion of the items out of its impossible line of stock and is straightforwardly contending with the players who are selling on its site. Amazon and Aliba

Boiler Room

Engine compartment Boiler room is an anecdote about a school dropout name of Seth. He enjoys the sentiment of winning quick cash, along these lines he chose to stop school and start an underground gambling club in his loft with a couple of his companions. Be that as it may, his dad, who is a government judge, gets some answers concerning the gambling club. His dad at that point praises him to shut down the gambling club and quest for a genuine activity. Seth needs to recover regard and endorsement from his dad, and luckily he got acquaint with a stockbroker organization J. T. Marlin. Seth has an extraordinary ability in this activity and he turns into the best student in the firm. He works under the senior intermediaries, and beginning to adjust to the â€Å"Always be closing† reasoning, which implies he never take no as the appropriate response and will continue persuading the clients until he objective is reached. Very soon, Seth turning into a fruitful merchant and disregard all the deceptive issues he is submitting. He not just offers stocks to the rich â€Å"whales†, he likewise hauls the poor laborers that can scarcely bear the cost of another house into the trick. Tragically, Seth finds reality with regards to the various stocks sold by the firm and acknowledges J. T. Marlin is an engine compartment that sells non-beneficial stocks. What's more, begin to understand that every one of these occasions he is compelling clients to purchase something that they don’t need or can't manage. There are many of untrustworthy issues all through the film. Most importantly, Seth and his firm are selling non-productive stocks to rich individuals that are keen on exceptional yield speculation. In addition, J. T. Marlin trains their workers to enlighten false explanation regarding the stock and the organization so as to draw in the clients’ enthusiasm toward the stocks. The medication that encourages babies to create is one of the models they notice in the film. Likewise, at the center of the film, when the intermediaries see the tear increment, they will attempt to push the clients significantly harder so as to make a fortune for themselves. Besides, the more capable Seth turns into, the more we can see Seth is utilizing distinctive incredible powerful procedures so as to grab the eye of the customers. Then again, it is exceptionally exploitative for Seth to drag the destitute individuals into purchase stock that will never be productive, in light of the fact that they are selling stock for organizations that don’t exist. Be that as it may, there is as yet a moral side of Seth. For instance, he attempts to shield his dad from losing his employment because of attempt to help Seth from attempting to get back J. T. Marlin. He additionally consents to work with the FBI to attack J. T. Marlin with the goal that no more casualties will fall into their tricks. Furthermore, above all else he harries, the poor financial specialist, to recover his life sparing at long last. So it is ideal to see Seth adjusts his perspective and attempt to turn out to be perfect at long last.

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Individual Statement Example The university’s responsibility of making, dispersing and applying information to the advancement of mankind especially drives my craving to be a piece of its locale. My momentary expert objective is to acquire a CPA accreditation and permit with which I ought to have the option to upgrade my statement and corporate experience. Through structure on my transient objectives I should have the option to assemble important experience and information towards my drawn out objective of turning into an expert reviewer. As a more grounded have faith in the nature of information in changing life, I as an expert bookkeeper I will have the option to work in the corporate world and contribute firmly to the society’s prosperity which will answer my longing of emphatically impacting lives of numerous individuals. It is on this background I am applying to the George Washington University’s Master of Accountancy Program. An experts degree in bookkeeping, I accept will contribute immensely not exclusively to my expert turn of events yet additionally to the acknowledgment of my short and long haul objectives. I need to pick up my advanced education at t he George Washington University Business School being a devotee of learning in a dynamic, testing and open condition. The University’s benefit of making an understudy centered network, energy about decent variety both socially and mentally and encouraging inventiveness in an open learning condition especially premiums me. I have recently learned at the University of Delaware, Newark, De from where I graduated with a Bachelor of Science qualification in Finance and achieved a total GPA of 3.27. During the undergrad I examined courses, for example, venture, fund, bookkeeping, activities the executives, smaller scale and large scale financial aspects and business correspondences which I accept have set me up for additional difficulties in the field. The information picked up during the bachelor’s qualification opened my

How to Write a Book Report for 5th Graders

How to Write a Book Report for 5th Graders As students grow older and the study process moves to further levels, many of them start having an issue with one common question: how to write a book report for 5th graders in a way that suits teachers? Eventually, it is expected that learners are experienced enough to express their opinions of a book they have read and can provide a report without facing much trouble. However, assignments of this kind could create difficulties for anyone since young writers are often short of ideas. In this case, one cannot do without a resource that gives essential tips on how to get started. What Is a Book Report? According to the definition, a book report is a type of essay, which discusses the content of a particular book. Assignments of this type are issued to US students stating with the elementary school level. It is notable that basic instructions on how to write a book report 5th grade are usually provided by teachers including examples and templates for learners’ better comprehension of the task. However, young men and women often tend to miss a relevant part of information and, thus, may require additional and more detailed material explanation. Luckily, there are online services that can always help with the matter. Concerning the way assignments are issued, teachers usually provide students with the list of books offering a choice of the most suitable/engaging one. Normally, a book report contains details about author/authors, characters, setting, and the key message. In addition, learners might be asked to provide information about illustrations and other visual components of a book and shed light on events’ sequence. Reasons to Write Strong Book Report Those who read a lot usually carry a huge luggage of knowledge that needs to be shared. Indeed, what is the point of learning something if it is not meant to be used in a work or communication with other individuals? The best way to familiarize others with a recently read book is to write a brief literature report. In order to learn how to write a 5th grade book report one needs to clearly realize why he or she is doing it. The following are the common reasons making people want to compose a sustained book report: Need to deliver the key information to audience Desire to warn others of the poorly written content Strivings to boost an author’s popularity Decision to improve personal writing skills Wish to develop excellent reading comprehension There, of course, could be additional motives leading a person to write a strong report on a given book, but one cannot name them all due to inability to predict one’s personal line of thinking. In any case, beside the desire to write a good book report for 5th grade, there are other constituents assigned to determine its success. Work structure arrives as the most significant one. Structure of Book Report As was mentioned earlier, outside the data about publishers, author, and book appearance one needs to clearly state the key structural components when writing a book report 5th grade: introduction, the main part, and conclusion. The main part or body can be presented in a form of summary making emphasis on the main events and strictly following their consequence. In addition, one can include the elements of analysis and answer the most essential questions used to define author’s position, his/her perception of events, general idea, etc. It should be also noted that a strong book report always contains reviewer’s thoughts. People mostly read this kind of an essay to know whether a novel/study is worth their close attention or not. Thus, while writing a 5th grade book report one needs to express his/her personal opinion about a story on discussion and give a credible verdict regarding its readability. How to Write Book Reports? Step-by-Step The first thing you do is download an example of a 5th grade book report and study it carefully. Then you switch to composing the introduction. An introductory part usually contains information about author/authors, the genre of literature, year of publishing, and minor plot details. Make sure that your introduction does not exceed 100-130 words; it must be short and informative. After finishing the introduction one needs to complete the most significant part of the work, i.e. the body. This part may contain a number of passages describing various events of the book in their succession. Pay attention to the sentence structure and do not fall into making long sentences. The information you represent should be both meaningful and comprehensible. Again, a good sample of a 5th grade book report could be of huge help, so take your chance to view it. Finally, the conclusion summarizes both strong and weak sides of the book on review and makes an overall assessment of an author’s work. It should not exceed the introduction in length as this part never goes into detail about plot. Instead, it serves as the logical ending of an entire essay and helps a reader to decide whether he/she wants to read this particular story/novel or not. Tips and Ideas for Writing a 5th Grade Book Report First things first, one should strictly define how long the report will be and which events are more than others worth mentioning. Make sure that each passage you do contains at least three sentences and completes the thought expressed in it. Format for a 5th grade book report can be easily downloaded from the Internet in case your teacher forgot to provide it. Regarding the ideas to focus on, you can describe an event and then try to interpret it. It is important to mention what kind of a message an author attempted to deliver to a reader. This way you will not only learn to express your ideas but will develop critical thinking, which is always of immense value for a writer. Template Naturally, a guide for writing a book report for 5th graders would not be complete without giving some tips about a template. In case you do not have a downloaded version, you can make one by yourself. Your template should begin with typing headings in bold in the left-hand corner of a Microsoft Word document to mark out the sections. In the left upper corner write the word ‘Setting’ and leave some space/lines to be filled. Then make the heading ‘Main Characters’, which is also followed by lines. Below the characters, one should add the information about the ‘Overall Theme’, which may require more space compared to the previous two sections. When you’ve completed all the mentioned parts you can switch to writing the main structural components and answering questions, such as what part you liked most, would you recommend a book to a friend, etc. The given questions may, in fact, serve as the conclusion, so pick them wisely considering the answers readers would like to hear.

Facebook †the great invention or the end of privacy - 1375 Words

Facebook – the great invention or the end of privacy (Research Paper Sample) Content: Facebook the great invention or the end of privacyNameCourse numberInstructors nameDateFacebook began in 2004 and it has more than four thousand employees and one billion active users. Most active users use mobile gadgets to interact on the networking platform. Facebook is very useful in helping them make global friends maintain close relationships with people known to them. There are several privacy concerns about the company though. For instance requesting users to provide their mobile numbers is perceived as very intrusive because it significantly compromises ones privacy (Boyd 14). Users give their personal information willingly, but they do not fully understand the way that information is used or the associated risks. Facebook stockpiles astounding amount of personal information about users preferences, habits and social interactions. It is imperative that users understand the substantial negative privacy ramifications of using Facebook. Facebook does not proper ly inform users that information is being collected, and it also does not give them a chance for voluntary participation in the collection. It does not also identify the actors involved in collecting information or the nature of the information collected. The more personal information users they share, the stronger Facebook becomes. It also makes it easier to be exposed to advertisers and strangers (Sileo n.p.). Users need recognizing that Facebook uses their personal information for targeted advertising to fund the online content that they enjoy for free (Dusseault 9). Users also have the right to know what use the information is intended for and the rules that govern the protection and confidentiality of the information (Dusseault 10). It is essential in assisting them to exercise control over privacy of their information.Facebook has features that allow data miners to fetch user IDs. Data miners use ones email address to fetch ones ID and subsequently the name and a profile pictu re regardless of ones privacy settings. In some cases, data miners can access information about ones friends and photos based on the privacy settings. Social media also uses sophisticated algorithms to collect background information that is unavailable in public profiles such as search histories, purchases, internet sites visited and the content of private messages to evaluate behavior and customize their services and to seek ways of generating revenue (Dusseault 3). It gives companies the loophole to advertise based on the mined information without users knowledge. Facebook also provides a switch account tab that allows one to work on different accounts without having to log in and out. It is a privacy issue because it allows scammers to operate many pages simultaneously (Sileo n.p.). Facebook also has a social graph that reveals significant information to the public than one might realize (Ingram n.p.). It exposes users to predatory acts that may have serious consequences such as credit card theft.Facebook deliberately strips people of their privacy because it declined to install a do not track feature on its platform. A do not track feature allows users to opt out of having their online behavior tracked. The feature is similar to how a do not call list prohibits telemarketers from calling them. Installing such a feature would go to great lengths in shielding vulnerable persons, such as children and teenagers from predatory online acts (Dusseault 43). Facebook allows people to maintain infinite numbers of friends and it is impossible for users to keep up with hundreds of people. The virtual friends are not necessarily close friends but Facebook assumes that all the connections are friends. Participants have varied reasons for maintaining connections on the site. They keep tabs on their connections private life because everyones notices are displayed. The broad based exposure of personal information lessens the ability to protect ones reputation particularly when friends read messages out of context. Facebook also limits ones ability to shape the image that is presented to others and inhibits freedom. It keeps a record of ones blunders and increases the chances of hasty condemnation as well as limits the ability to overcome past mistakes. Posting ones life on Facebook may limit access to opportunities because of something that happened in the past when one was a teenager. It creates the risk that ones intimate secrets may be revealed by former friends when a friendship turns sour or if one becomes an unwitting victim of a false rumor. It also limits the chance of having the option to start over and forget past mistakes (Solove 2). Facebook supporters espouse that Facebook is a great invention that also attends to users privacy concerns. Facebook consistently creates new features and communicates that it is necessary for users to continuously update their privacy settings to guard against the potential cost to their privacy (Sileo n.p.) . Supporters capitalize on its benefits such as allowing people to establish new communities and relationships. They indicate that it helps one to communicate with people that one has not been in touch with for a long time. They also espouse that it allows people to make new friendships internationally and have discussions in groups and helps in spreading news for people to remain updated with current issues. Supporters also indicate that Facebook allows its users to review the specific information that companies hold about them and request deletion. They indicate that Facebook collects certain data from users and stores it in an activity log that is accessible to them. Users can opt to delete this information. Collecting such information is useful to Facebook because it enhances its search functionality. When one opts to delete their information, Facebook initiates active deletion where logs with identifying information are removed although it may keep anonymous information logs (D usseault 20). Many Facebook users have basic knowledge about the tools available and suffer out of ignorance. It is important that Facebook creates barriers to opening accounts such as a test to enhance users awareness of the security features. It is because many become victims due to their ignorance about features that allow one to delete sensitive information. Facebook supporters indicate that Facebook does not reveal personal information to advertisers. Advertisers ask Facebook to show certain advertisements to people that are interested in particular topics. It shows advertising to the users without providing information about the people viewing the ad rather it provided general information on the number of people reached (Dusseault 52). There is need for Facebook to allow users to voluntarily opt out or in for sharing their information with advertisers.Supporters challenge the privacy concerns by indicating that Facebook has also changed its data use policy to replace that prev iously complex privacy policy that made it challenging for users to understand how their information is used. The new policy is in plain language that is comprehensive. It also has an easy to understand guide on privacy (Dusseault 15). However, many users also do not read the privacy policy and this limits their knowledge on shielding themselves. It means that the company needs to provide more security prompts to allow users to opt ...

Essay on Tension in Act One of Arthur Millers The Crucible

Tension in Act One of Arthur Millers The Crucible Miller builds up the tension using theatrical effects, language, the relationships of characters and the plot development, the structure of the act. He makes us visually aware of the tension using these tools. He needs tension as the story of the crucible is about witchcraft. Miller draws in the character of Proctor as himself, as Miller was caught up in communism in America and fought to maintain his dignity, as Proctor does, near the end of the book. The communism is not an issue in this play but was relevant to Miller and inspired his writing of this play. He uses the build up of tension throughout this play especially in act one. The†¦show more content†¦This scene opens with confusion. The audience is as confused as the characters in the play. Their confusion is shown to us through their language. Tituba is constantly interrupted by Parris who is angry and distracted. Tituba: My Betty not goin dieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Parris: Out of my sight, out of myà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Parris is shouting at Tituba because he is angry and confused about what has happened to his daughter and what had been going on in the woods that night. Tituba is taken back by Parriss shouting, as she seems only to be concerned about little Betty. Miller uses simple everyday language but with surprising intensity. It sounds very much like natural speech. There is strength behind the rapid exchange of dialogue that not only adds to the tension of the act but also draws the readers in. Parris appears to be the anxious worried father that he is; however, if we pay close attention to his language and the actions that he takes, we see indications that he is mainly worried about his reputation as the priest and villager. I must know it now, for surely my enemies will, and they will ruin me with it. And I pray you feel the weight of truth upon you, for now my ministrys stake, my ministry and perhaps your cousins life. Parris here is more concerned about his ministry than Betty. He says that his enemies will ruin him if they knowShow MoreRelatedThe Effectiveness of the Closing Scene of Arthur Millers The Crucible973 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effectiveness of the Closing Scene of Arthur Millers The Crucible Arthur Miller was born in 1915 and was only fourteen years of age at the time of the Wall Street crash, this clearly affected his life. His plays often concentrated upon contemporary society and problems it may face. This is why at first sight The Crucible seems to break this mould, instead of a play showing contemporary society; it concerns a study in the mass hysteria which led to the 1692 Salem witchcraft Read MoreIn the opening of the play, how does Miller seek to create an atmosphere of hysteria and tension? Do you find the opening effective?941 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿In the opening of the play, how does Miller seek to create an atmosphere of hysteria and tension? Do you find the opening effective? Premiering in 1953, Arthur Miller’s the crucible was a scathing attack on the Communist scare of the era in the guise of a dramatization of the witch hunts that took place in Salem in the 1960’s. Throughout the beginning the play follows how fear of death, The Devil and the unknown causes people to submit to madness and how the sense of guilt could cause themRead More Analyze how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at the end of Act 31300 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyze how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at the end of Act 3 of The Crucible. During this essay, I will be explaining how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at thee end of Act 3 of his novel, The Crucible. I will be organizing this essay in paragraphs by points. Here are the main points I will be analyzing: - Setting - Stage Directions - Characters and Language - Comparing thee witch trials to the McCarthyism Proctor brings Mary to court and tells Judge DanforthRead MoreImpact Of Irrational Fear On The Crucible By Arthur Miller1563 Words   |  7 Pagesin The Crucible Throughout history, many horrific incidents based on an act of violence or disagreement have resulted in panic and mass hysteria. These historical events include but are not limited to, The Holocaust, mass shootings, and 9/11. Many of these tragic events have led to people being immensely afraid. These events often create fear for those who participate in everyday activities. A healthy community consists of a support system, peace, trust, and adhering to societal laws. Arthur Miller’sRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller998 Words   |  4 Pagescontinuing with declaring a reunification with Jesus, and ending with of course, accusing others of witchcraft. The false confessions favor the dishonest and are motivated by jealousy and spite. The Crucible is a four-act dramatic play production that was first performed on January 22, 1953. Arthur Miller used dialogue within the characters to cover the multiple themes; conflicts and resolutions, plus the few directions for the different actions of the play. The Salem Witch Trials were intendedRead MoreThe Witch Hunt in The Crucible and During the Time of McCarthyism2059 Words   |  9 PagesThe Themes of The Crucible and Parallels to McCarthyism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692, Arthur Millers The Crucible describes the witch hunt that saw harmless people hanged for crimes they did not commit. The Crucible provides an accurate historical account of the witch hunt, but its real achievement lies in the many important issues it deals with. Millers concerns with conscience, guilt and justice develop into significant and thought-provoking themes throughoutRead MoreTension in Arthur Millers The Crucible Essay991 Words   |  4 PagesTension in Arthur Millers The Crucible Though The Crucible is set against the background of the Salem witch trials in 1629, it reflects the McCarthy anti-communism trials of 1950s America. The citizens of Salem (Massachusetts) had Puritan beliefs and were very religious. Due to their strong Christian beliefs, there was a great fear that people could form compacts with the devil and they even believed witchcraft and supernatural events really existed. Arthur MillerRead MoreHow Does Arthur Miller Create Drama and Tension in Act 1 of ‘the Crucible’?1661 Words   |  7 PagesHow does Arthur Miller create drama and tension in Act 1 of ‘The Crucible’? The Crucible is a play, which explores the witch- hunting hysteria that happened in Salem 1692. 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Through the lens of a slave later turned into one of the largest faces of abolitionist acts, Frederick Douglass creates â€Å"The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† in which he accounts the community he was raised in and the constant fear instill ed within his community as well as his later assimilation into new communitiesRead MoreMillers Presentation of the Theme Of Greed And Envy within The Crucible1071 Words   |  5 PagesMillers Presentation of the Theme Of Greed And Envy within The Crucible The Crucible was written in 1953 by Arthur Miller in the time of the cold war, although the play was set in 1692. The play is about a town called Salem in America and about the witch-hunts that took place there. Because it was written in this time period there is a feeling of mistrust, greed and envy echoed in the play. Arthur Miller plays on these feelings and produces a theme of greed and envy that

Should Parents Take Their Job As Parents Essay - 1601 Words

As time progresses young pregnancies, unplanned pregnancies, and the having of children out of wedlock are becoming more prevalent than that of the past. Luckily, unlike before, women are not heavily ridiculed for keeping the child. A difference that I’ve noticed is the extent to which parents take their job as parents. Before parenting seemed more structured, thought-out, and traditional; where as now, parenting is more public, free-flowing, based off of what doctors and social media recommend, and sometimes second to other duties such as work and school. I am a believer in putting your children first, before anything else on this universe. I believe it too is a job to be taken seriously, because if one were to slack off at work, he or she could risk loosing their job; therefore, if he/she slacks off as being a parent, they could risk the chance of loosing or diminishing the precious value of a gift-given from above, named a â€Å"child.† Parenting is a job, it should be a thorough process, and it should be prioritized, and never taken for granted. I can truly attest to being a child that was blessed with amazing parents, named Rashida and Karlos Mays. I was originally born in Alabama, and I owe all my tides to that land. Alabama is a place of family, love, and laughter, but also a place of broken hearts, devastation, and everlasting memories. My father played the lenient role, its safe to say he was â€Å"permissive†. With him, I could do whatever I pleased. 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A Problem Of Plastic Pollution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3355 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Pollution Essay Did you like this example? A million jellyfish dance in the soundless ocean as a small green sea turtles attempts to sneak up on its prey. With speed and stealth, this turtle snags the food just as a massive swarm of fog surrounds it. With a swallow of the food the turtle feels a clog, this is no jellyfish its plastic. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Problem Of Plastic Pollution" essay for you Create order The turtles stop breathing, it squirms and shakes in the water until all thats left is a lifeless lump of scaly green skin stuck in a protecting shell. The turtles now gone reaches land just in time to be attacked by a bird, out of the turtles neck spills a plastic bag logged in its throat. But it is not alone. Between the layers of plastic lies thousands of turned over green sea turtles shells. The never-ending surge of plastic into the worlds oceans is taking an increasing toll on iconic marine species. The Galapagos green turtles favorite food is jellyfish, so wherever jellyfish are most abundant, turtles are bound to be close by (Andrews). Unfortunately, plastic bags look like jellyfish when floating in the ocean, and if a turtle ingests a plastic bag, it forms a fatal blockage in the gut, usually resulting in death (Hardin). The plastic debris ingested by turtles can cause an intestinal blockage resulting in malnutrition, reduced growth rates, and even death. Perhaps most distressingly, turtles can starve to death because they feel full after swallowing plastic debris (Jaquet). The influx in plastic in the ocean leads to many animals such as the sea turtles suffering grand population losses due to microplastics, plastic toxicity, and plastic consumption, however, if current new technological advances, reduction of plastic, and overall human discretion in plastic occurs, the current population of sea turtles will once again rise. In the past, the United States used the ocean as personal waste disposal. In October of 1982, Peter G Ryan stated, Congress enacted the Marine protection, research and sanctions act. This is also known as the ocean dumping act. This policy declares that the U.S needs to regulate the dumping of all plastic-like materials which can affect sea turtles. But this act only controlled ocean dumping it failed to address the plastic already in the ocean. It wasnt until 1988 that Congress decided to enact the ocean dumping ban, this banned ocean dumping of all waste, especially plastic (Ryan). However, even with this act plastic still found its way to the ocean. Researches at the University of Miami set out to find where all the plastic headed and how it got there. First, they modeled a data on the currents of winds to stimulate the movement of marine debris. The result of the experiment was compared with data from satellites, and the trash was tracked by surface buoys from the NOAA (Global Drifters Program’s database)(Slat). They traced all the marine debris to a gyre in the Pacific Ocean. An Ocean Gyres is known as a system of ocean current, flowing in a circular motion, that is formed by global wind patterns and forces created by earth rotation which was observed by the researcher, Laura Parker. However, when one of these gyres circles stationary waters it acts as almost a whirlpool by dragging in plastic debris and leaving it to drift is its movement less center. Once the plastic reaches the center of the gyre, its trapped and broken down into plastic soup (Parker). That plastic then sits in the center of the gyre for years. Even if plastic was recycled, it never goes away, not for billions of years at least. Plastics take their time slowly degrading throughout billions of years stated Bob Talbot. Eventually, they become microplastics, that are invisible to the eye yet one by one they slowly pollute the ocean, gradually becoming bigger in mass, so big that it created the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. After many years of ongoing ocean dumping most areas of the ocean were now filled with the heavy toxins carried by plastics and high concentrations of pollutants from trash such as; inorganic nutrients and chlorinated patron chemicals. This uncontrolled ocean dumping caused severe depletion of oxygen levels in many ocean areas (Talbot). Leaving oceans full of trash and chemicals poisoning everything that touched it. Since plastic never biodegrades it become microplastics many turtles consume plastic almost every day they feed. Just a turtle simply opening its mouth near the Great Pacific Garbage Patch it is guaranteed to inhale at least a  ¼ a cup of plastic (Brander). As of now, around 10,000+ sea turtles die every year from eating and ingesting plastic (Tyree). But its not just the consumption of plastic that causes many turtles to die, its the combination of plastic and the chemicals it releases (BPA). As this plastic finds its way to the ocean, however, it happens to pick up twice the BPA it had before while just floating in the ocean (Halden). This plastic, as it â€Å"degrades†, then releases all of its chemicals and toxins into the ocean creating a death trap for turtles. But its not just some sea turtles that are affected by this plastic. Countless marine animals feed their babies pieces of plastic without knowing (Samokhvalova). Due to this, an estimated 700 species will go extinct in 5-6 years. As of now, 267 marine animal species are being affected by plastics. With sea turtles out of their total population, around 84% of them have been affected in some sort of way by plastic. However, out of all marine species in the world a whopping 43% are affected by plastic and the toxins it releases (Kosuth). All marine animals are affected by the plastic but it is the sea turtles that withhold the highest death rate due to plastic. The deaths of many sea turtles today are almost always plastic related. It is reported that sea turtles die from starvation, suffocation, infection, and entanglement, all of which are a direct cause of plastic. At this point in time, one in every three sea turtles has been found caught up in some sort of plastic situation. Howe ver, this is not shocking due to the fact that an estimated 1 million pieces of plastic are in every square mile in the ocean. Researchers stated that at this time it is safe to assume that at least 98% of turtles in the world have some plastic inside of them (Tyree). With almost the entire population of sea turtles withholding some sort of plastic in their system they may not have long to live. Sea turtles have also been found to have swallowed hundreds of bits of plastic. Just 14 pieces significantly increase their risk of death, according to a study. Young sea turtles are most vulnerable, the study found, because they drift with currents where the floating plastic also accumulates and because they are less choosy than adults turtles about what to eat. Even a single piece of plastic can occasionally cause death for a young turtle who consumes plastic. In one case a turtle was found with its digestive tract blocked by a soft piece of plastic; in another, its intestine was destroyed by a sharp piece of plastic. The study found that half of the juvenile turtles would be expected to die if they ingested a total of 17 plastic items. In some, a variety of plastic material was found inside their digestive tracts. As many as 329 pieces were found in just one sea turtle. Because of a turtles anatomy, they cant vomit up something once they’ve swallowed it, Dr. Hardesty said, meaning it either passes through their gut or gets stuck. For a juvenile of typical size, half the animals would be expected to die if they ingested 17 plastic items, the study concluded. (Taylor-Smith). Since humans committed to the ocean dumping prevention ACT, dumping should be reduced, but this is not the case. The National Academy of Sciences estimates that 14 billion pounds of garbage is being dumped into the ocean every year, more than 1.5 million pounds per hour. According to the Academy, the United States could be the source of approximately one-third of this ocean plastic pollution. The United States is one of the top consumers of plastic in the area and the biggest contributor to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Due to the plastic, all animals in the Pacific area are in danger especially the sea turtles. Sea turtles have diseases and unsustainable livelihoods heading their way. Imagine if you could see a turtle choking on plastics you produced and baby turtles dragging abandoned nets for months to years before dying. Plastic in the ocean is jeopardizing the natural ways of the marine life by disrupting entire bio-geo cycle causing unwanted problems. This threatens the existence of all life underwater from smaller fish to even whales. Reports say that around one million birds and 100,000 marine mammals are killed every single day due to plastic ingestion. Several marine species are on the verge of extinction because of such type of ocean pollution. Sea turtles are different though, they consume plastic garbage as food, leading to blockage in the gut and ulceration, and eventually to death. These sea turtles are also the most common victims of ‘Ghost Nets’ in the ocean. Which are stray plastic nets used for fishing and plastic crates also cause oceanic ruination, chokes turtles by getting tangled in precious reefs, causing them to break apart the process of being tangled in them is referred to as ‘Ghost Fishing. Essentially the turtles will get caught and wont have a food source. Also, the turtles may get choked. These nets if lost in the water, however, always make an appearance at the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. As mentioned earlier BPA is a hazardous material, found commonly in many plastics, and it pollutes the water badly. Bisphenol A doesn’t get diluted in water, it uses oxygen as it degrades, resulting in a low level of oxygen in the waters as oxygen levels go down. It also badly affects the survival of marine animals including whales, dolphins, and turtles. Plastic waste can either float for miles on the water or they could be submerged on the sea-bed or commonly be found on the sea-shore. But due to BPA not matter how much plastic every single piece is filled with massives amounts of BPA. Before the days of plastic, when fishermen dumped their trash overboard or lost a net, it consisted of natural materials (metal, cloth or paper that would sink to the bottom or biodegrade quickly). Plastic, however, remains floating on the surface, the same place where many genuine food sources lie and can remain in that same spot for up to 400 years unless currents pick it up. Plastic is durable and strong aka the qualities that make it so dangerous if it reaches the ocean. If plastic objects make it into the main sewer system (by being flushed down the toilet, or carried by the rain into a street drain), and the water treatment plants are overwhelmed by excessive rain, then those floating objects can float right out to sea. When heavy rains arrive in mid-summer, they swept the streets clean and overloaded combined sewers after floating out to sea, debris was blown back onto the shores. Plastic soda rings, baggies, styrofoam particles and plastic pellets are often mistaken by sea turtles as authentic. Despite only 0.05% of plastic pieces from surface waters are pellets, they comprise about 70% of the plastic eaten by Sea turtles. But plastic soda rings arent even one of the top pieces of trash in the patch. It includes cigarette butts, Paper pieces, plastic pieces, styrofoam, glass pieces, plastic food bags, plastic caps and lids, metal beverage cans, plastic straws, glass beverage bottles. The mountains of plastic forming and the drastic amount of marine animals dying from plastic is horrendous. One way we might get rid of plastic forever is through some new technological systems, like The Ocean Saviour. This vessel will be a world’s first, self-powering 70m tri-deck clean-up vessel, purposefully engineered to locate, retrieve and recycle plastic from the ocean to preserve one of our most valuable assets, the ocean, for future generations. Central to the built of the vessel is the Manta Collector Array collection systems at the side and front of the vessel which will deploy and draw in plastics. The plastics will then be fed into an onboard conveyor, chopped finely, milled and processed through onboard plasma gasification (converting organic energy into synthetic energy) process which will destroy the plastic completely with minimal atmospheric pollution. The product of this pioneering process will then be used to fuel the vessel, making it self-powering. This v essel proves that maybe the soups of plastic can be dispossessed of thought technology. The Ocean Saviour project has requested a large-scale catamaran as the most economical and stable option on the water. The open plan lower deck will be one of the main working areas of the vessel and has been specially designed to allow ventilation with hinged storm shutters which offer protection against the weather. This entire deck is dedicated to plastic removal and industrial scale recycling. Mid-deck is home to two 12m containers which will offer research laboratory facilities or VIP accommodation options and bulk storage area, for crew quarters. The wheelhouse is located on the third deck which will also house the main crew areas and helipad. However, though this is the number way to possibly remove plastic it has one downfall. A high Price. It cost 50 million dollars to make this vessel, but it may be worth it due to the estimated promise that in 40 years the entire ocean will be free of plastic, plus if we had one or maybe two more of this vessel the years would be lessened. With a plan like this plastic will be destroyed. But the ocean savior project is not alone, there are many options such as the seabin that may be slightly less effective but million of time less expensive than the Ocean Savior. The Seabin V5 is a floating garbage bin, which acts as a trash skimmer and debris interceptor. By pumping water into the device, the Seabin V5 can intercept floating debris, macro and microplastics, and microfibers. It acts as a trash skimmer, the Seabin V5 is also able to clean the water from contaminated organic material (leaves, seaweed, etc†¦). The Seabin V5 is equipped with oil absorbent pads able to absorb petroleum-based surface oils and detergent predominant in most marinas around the world. However, the Seabins is not the solution to plastic pollution. The real solution lies in Education, Science, and Systemic Change. From packaging producers, environmental regulators and to the final consumers; everybody along this chain can play a role and has the possibility, the potential, and the responsibility to be part of the solution. Seabins are installed in the water to collect and reduce the amount of mismanaged debris that from the land enter into the ocean. Seabin Project Science and Research programs take advantage of the global network of Seabins that are currently present around the world. They contribute to the understanding of the issue of marine pollution by generating a global database that will inform the public, governments, and communities about the status of their coastlines and water bodies. Seabin will also take every opportunity possible to develop new ways in which we can remove more plastics from our oceans and achieve ocean conservation and sustainability. Through this product, they aim to not only clean and spread aw areness. Though new technologies open a world of new opportunities to clean the ocean, we will never be able to achieve a clean ocean unless we regulate or even get rid of plastic. AT this very moment thousands of humans choose to limit their plastic use during the day. By limiting we limit the amount of plastic that gets in the ocean. Today California has become the first state to implement a partial ban on plastic straws. Dine-in restaurants will no longer be allowed to automatically provide customers with straws. Customers who need plastic straws will have to request them. Restaurants that violate the ban will receive warnings first, and repeat offenders will be fined at a maximum of $300. The new ban comes on the heels of previous plastic straw bans from companies and cities. This ban is mostly due to the massive amounts of dead greens sea turtles ending up on beaches in California. They are found with stomachs full of plastic and plastic straws up their nostrils. To achieve this human ne ed to contribute to and limit their overall use of plastic. Earlier this year, the Walt Disney Company announced a ban on single-use plastic straws and stirrers at nearly all its theme parks and resorts. The policy, which is set to be in place by mid-2019, will cut down on the upwards of 175 million straws and 13 million stirrers that are used at these locations each year. Paper straws will be available upon request and, for guests with disabilities, the company is developing alternative options for traditional plastic straws. Disney will also eliminate polystyrene cups at its parks and cut down its reliance on single-use plastic bags. Instead of disposable bags, guests will have the option to buy reusable shopping bags. The company will reduce the amount of plastic in guest rooms by 80 percent. However, in Orlando at Disney’s Animal Kingdom, plastic straws and cup lids have been banned since the park opened in 1998. Nearly sixty years ahead of his time Walt Disney banned plastic from the Animal Kingdom park to benefit animals and make sure they are never put in danger. Since Disney has vowed to ban plastic in early 2019 it has set off a chain reaction. Seattle banned plastic straws, and San Francisco is working to ban straws and other plastic items starting July 1, 2019. Not only that but many everyday people have been getting involved by protesting plastic or refusing to use plastic straws. All the people needed to be something to believe in and they start to react and begin to change the ways, in this case, in which they use plastic. Some steps regular people have taken to help partake in riding plastic is no plastic November. This moment not only caught the attention of governments and cities but it caught the attention of restaurants. By eliminating their use of plastic for a mouth restaurant thought why only a month why not have it year round. A number of restaurants around the U.S have taken action and eliminated plastic straw use. Metal straws and paper straws now rise to the occasion to fill the place of straws. Though many complain about the use of metal straws and paper straws its a small thing to sacrifice for a project bigger than most. The Goal of No Plastic November was not to rid plastic forever. It was merely to set off a chain reaction and show companies and the world that the people care and they want to help. Plastics have become a vital asset for humanity. Not a single person can live without it because it is included in our shoes to our toothbrushes to glasses. The worst part is that most humans dont even acknowledge the amount of plastic they use each day because it is so ingrained in everything we do. Though these extensive research new technologies seem to be the best way to go, seeing as though two vessels will minimize worldwide plastic to 20 years from now. However, as we clean the ocean we must clean the land. We must minimize the amount of plastic we use each day in hopes that by doing this we can save hundreds of species from nearing extinction. Animals such as the sea turtles are in desperate need of help. If humans take action and work to reduce or even eliminate plastic not only will we be eliminating the actual plastic install but we will e eliminating the toxicity it releases into the ocean. Then maybe, just maybe, you might catch a glimpse of a green sea turtle catching a nd eating a real jellyfish, instead of a plastic bag.

Why Advertising Alcohol Is Destroying Public Well Being

Brenna Clarine Mrs. Vanwormer C.P. Reading Writing 6 May 2016 Why Advertising Alcohol Is Destroying Public Well-Being When I was nine years old, I remember seeing the most delectable, mouthwatering commercial on television. It was for beer. Growing up in a family that did not drink, I never thought beer could look so appetizing. The beverage was everywhere I looked—except for in my own fridge. Not only adults, but kids and teens everywhere are being bombarded with alcohol advertisements. Many of these youths choose to succumb to these ads and end up with destructive drinking habits. Not only is alcohol damaging to youth but also to adults. According to a U.S. study, adults were found to put themselves at severe risk of harm after having more than four drinks in one session (Medew). This number can change depending on the gender, size, athleticism, and other factors of the consumer. Although some may say that alcohol is not too damaging if drunk responsibly, the fact that alcohol is a direct route to damaging organs like the liver, heart, and pancreas and harming the brain is a red flag (NIHSeniorHealth). To whatever extent, alcohol weakens the brain’s control over movement, speech, memory, and especially judgement, which often leads to impulsive behavior and other dangerous activities (NIHSeniorHealth). There are plenty of harmful side effects of drinking, so the obvious solution to preserving the nation’s well-being is to not encourage it. One quote by a SeattleShow MoreRelatedThe Music Of The Hip Hop1412 Words   |  6 Pagesdancehall. It has spread in the United States at the beginning of the seventies in the Bronx. Since the hip-hop appeared in New York in the early seventies. 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A federal court appointed an independent transportation administrator and enlisted Satellite Security Systems, or S3, to track the movements of the district’s buses. S3 provides

Board Members Free Essays

C) The new management is becoming very aggressive with the adoption new accounting policies and financial reporting. The management is starting to take greater risk and adopt new revenue recognition policies. They believed the previous year’s policies were too conservative and inappropriate. We will write a custom essay sample on Board Members or any similar topic only for you Order Now The new management is placing higher priority on short-term performance rather than long term. The reason behind these major changes is due to the excessive pressure on management. Everyone in the management knows that they have to show an increase in the profit of the organization, or they will also lose their jobs, just like the previous management. Thus they are adopting various new accounting policies and are concentrating heavily on the short term results. This may make the company look good from the externally for a short term. However it is very likely that the numbers on the financial statement are not be accurate. The short term success of the company does not help them internally, there are many things that the new management is changing that may not be healthy for the company. The new management also indicated that the past process of determining the accounting estimates were â€Å"overly Conservative† a new method of accounting estimating is being introduced. The new method of the accounting estimates will also affect the financial statements, because it will most like overstates assets and understate the liabilities. Thus achieving the short-term goals of the management. The company’s accounting functions are decentralized, and the operating management does not sign off the reported results, they are reviewed by the CFO and CEO before being released. The needs to be changed, the reports should be signed off by the operating management because they are closer to the operations of the company. They have the knowledge and the expertise of that part of the company, the CFO and CEO are at the top they may not be able to understand what the numbers on the reports mean. The operating management can read the reports more precisely as they are the ones who are working in that particular area, it is easier for them to catch errors and frauds. The employees that prepare the statements may be overstating the numbers on the reports to show that they are achieving the required performance levels. e) The organization has great controls over the segregation of employee duties. Authority and responsibilities are assigned in a â€Å"formal, written manner†. Employees are aware of what their daily duties are and they understand their responsibilities. The company even has written job descriptions for employees and their supervisors, and these job descriptions contain specific instructions related to controls and responsibilities. The company has given significant amounts of authority to the supervisors, so they can monitor the day to day activates of the employees and make sure they are following the company policies. The organization also does a good job making sure that the supervisors do not overstep their reasonable boundaries. This is done by giving different level employees different type of authorities. Thus the organization has successfully distributed adequate amount of responsibilities to their employees and management. How to cite Board Members, Papers

Running Head NOISE CONTROL; RADON AND UV

Running Head: NOISE CONTROL; RADON AND UV-RADIATIO Essay NTUI UNIVERSITYTimothy N. Tarrant Module 5:BHE 314Environmental Health and Safety Dr. Rania Sabty-Daily15 September 2008 AbstractThe first purpose of this paper is to discuss the public healtheffects that may result in a community exposed to noise produced by a nightclub and to describe the restrictions you would I would recommend the cityrequires the new nightclub meets before granting an approval. Thefollowing scenario will be used:I have been notified that there is a case before City Council toapprove a new nightclub in my neighborhood. The club owners have areputation for being insensitive to those who live nearby in thecommunity. The second purpose of this paper is to identify potential human healthrisks associated with living in a home where radon gas levels may be high. Additionally, I will identify methods available to test for radon gas inthe home and list corrective/remediation measures that can be taken toreduce radon levels in the home. The following scenario will be used:Radon gas emits Alpha particles which may cause lung cancer if inhaledby an individual. Friends of yours are purchasing a new home in anarea where you understand that radon gas may be common. NOISE CONTROLAlmost everyone is familiar with water and air pollution and theenvironmental concerns associated with them. However, noise pollution isalso of concern as our cities continue to grow at an alarming rate. Itseams as if whenever you venture out into the public you are forced toendure a variety of community noises. Have you ever sat down to enjoydinner or a movie and have been interrupted by the sound of a loud train orplane? Well, these deep rumblings are similar to the sounds that will beproduced by the nightclub that wants to operate within our community. Some types of indoor concerts and discotheques can produce extremely highsound pressure levels. Associated noise problems outdoors result fromcustomers arriving and leaving. Outdoor concerts, fireworks and varioustypes of festivals can also produce intense noise. The general problem ofaccess to festivals and leisure activity sites often adds to road trafficnoise problems. Severe hearing impairment may also arise from intense soundproduced as music in headphones or from childrens toys. (WHO, 1999)Hearing impairment is the most often thought about health effect from noisepollution; however, there is a variety of health effects on the human bodyassociated with increased noise emissions that people dont think about. These effects include: stress, hypertension, changes in heart rate,hypercholesterolemia, and/or excessive secretion of hormones. Noise alsodisturbs sleep, upsets our mental health, and even poses a danger tochildhood development. Arlene L. Bronzaft, a member of the New YorksCouncil on the Environment, stated, I get many calls related to noise andmost assuredly these people are very much troubled by the noises, whetherfrom a loud, noisy neighborhood bar or a neighbor who refuses to keep thestereo low. The anguish these people express clearly speaks to a poorerstat of mind. (Bronzaft, 1996) People exposed to noise during the nightoften turn to the use of sedatives or sleeping pills to fall asleep. Individuals in the community that are especially prone to sleepdisturbances from noises that may emanate from a nightclub include theelderly and shift workers. (WHO, 1999) My recommendations to the CityCouncil would be to recommend approval of the license for the operation ofthe nightclub only if they comply with certain restrictions. First andforemost I would recommend that the club is designed to be soundproof toinside noise so that noise that escapes the club will be minimal to thecommunity surroundings. Then, I would make it mandatory for the club toinstall limiters on all amplified systems to limit low frequency noise. .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .postImageUrl , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:hover , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:visited , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:active { border:0!important; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:active , .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372 .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub4b915246f8a3a10cc0787b809bda372:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Marketing Myopia EssayAdditionally, I would require that the club keep door to the entrance ofthe club closed unless patrons are actively entering or exiting theestablishment and the club should provide 10 square feet of indoor waitingspace for patrons waiting to gain access to the club. This will limit theamount of noise that actually escapes the club. The Office ofOccupational Health and Safety (OSHA) identifies 90 decibels (dB) based onan eight-hour time-weighted average (TWA) as the absolute safe level ofnoise exposure. This 90dB concentration is referred to as the OSHAPermissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for noise exposure. Any eight-hour TWAexceeding 90dB requires the em ployer to implement control measures toreduce the exposure to 90dB or below. (LSS, 2008) OSHA also states thatexposure to impulsive noise should not exceed 140 dB but do not defineimpulsive noise. Therefore, I would have the club install a sound meter tomonitor the dB levels in the club and mandate that the club does not exceed100 decibels (dB).Additionally, I would require the club to create aquiet room for employees to rest their ears during breaks.Lastly, Iwould recommend that the state public health department be grantedunfettered access to monitor the nightclub for compliance. RADONRadon is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and silent radioactive gas. It is formed by the radioactive decay of uranium in rock, soil, and water. Radon gas in homes poses a serious health risk to its occupants. Morethan 20,000 Americans die each year from radon related cancer. In a 2005news release, United States Surgeon General Richard H. Carmona stated,Indoor radon is the second-leading cause of lung cancer in the UnitedStates and breathing it over prolonged periods can present a significanthealth risk to families all over the county. (DHHS, 2005) Exposure toradon gas produces no immediate symptoms. According to the North CarolinaDepartment of Environment and Natural Resources, Lung cancer is the onlyhealth effect which has been definitively linked with exposure to radon andthe resulting cancer does not usually occur until 5-25 years post exposure. Additionally, There is no evidence that other respiratory diseases, suchas asthma, are caused by radon exposure and there is no evidence thatchildren are at any greater risk of radon induced lung cancer than adults.(NC, 2008) Radon exposure is completely preventable and can be detected bysimply testing for its presence. I would recommend that my friends thatwere purchasing a new home become familiar with A Citizens Guide toRadon: The Guide to Protecting Yourself and Your Family from Radon fromthe Environmental Protection Agency. The Surgeon General recommends thatall homes should be tested for radon and testing can be accomplished byeither yourself or a professional. I would also let them know that thereare two different ways to test for radon, short-term and long-term testing. Short-term testing is the quickest way to test for radon and remains in ahome for two to 90 days depending on what type of product are purchased. The long-term testing kit remains in a home for more than 90 days and areable to give you an accurate reading of the average annual radon levelwhereas the short-term test will not. Radon detectors can be purchasedthat are just like smoke detectors that alarm when levels reachunacceptable limits. Radon levels should be below 4 pCi/L; if above thislevel, measures should be taken to reduce existing radon levels and limitexposure. The overall radon level in homes is 0 pCi/L, this may not bepossible but should be at least reduced to 2 pCi/L. First I wouldrecommend that my friends ask if the home has radon resistant features. Ifnot and levels are high corrective measures can be taken to reduce exposureto radon. The method most often used to reduce radon in the home is a ventpipe system and fan. This takes radon from below the house and channels itto the outside of the house. Other measures include sealing cracks in thefoundation, floors, and walls. Regardless of when your home was built, y oushould check your home for radon initially and at least every 2 years. .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .postImageUrl , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:hover , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:visited , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:active { border:0!important; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:active , .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064 .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u365787b69c1d427fa73b5e8e11b92064:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The O'Reily Factor EssayDiscounted radon test kits are available from the National Safety Counciland many home improvement stores such as Home Depot or Lowes sell radontest kits. More information can be obtained from their state radon office. (EPA, 2008) ReferencesBronzaft, A. L. (1996). The increase in noise pollution: what are the health effects? The Harmful Effects of Noise. Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0876/is_n78/ai_20375099Laboratory Safety and Supplies (2008). Elements of an Effective Hearing Conservation Program. Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://www.labsafety.com/refinfo/ezfacts/ezf260.htmNorth Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (2008). NC Radon Program: Health Risks of Radon. Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://www.ncradiation.net/Radon/Health.htmU.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2005). Office of the Surgeon General: Surgeon General Releases National Health Advisory On Radon. Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/pressreleases/sg01132005.htmlU.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2008). Radon. Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://www.epa.gov/radon/index.htmlWorld Health Organization (1999). WHO Guidelines for Community Noise A complete, authoritative guide on the effects of noise population on health; Chapter 2: Noise sources and their measurement (pg 26.) Retrieved September 8, 2008 from http://www.ruidos.org/Noise/WHO_Noise_guidelines_2.html

Financial Ratio Analysis - Risk Analysis and Capital Structure

Question: Describe about the Financial Ratio Analysis, Risk Analysis and Capital Structure ? Answer: Introduction Imperial Tobacco is the worlds fourth largest cigarette company as per market share. It is based out of Bristol and has significant markets in various European nations besides USA and parts of Asia. The company boasts of manufacturing facilities in over 51 locations and caters to customers in over 160 nations and thus having a global customer base (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). The aim of the given report is to list down the various business and financial risks associated with the company. Besides, the report also discusses the financial performance of the company through ratio analysis of the latest two year financial statements. Also, in wake of the current funding mix the future potential sources of financing along with the optimal capital structure have been also discussed in the given report. Business and Financial Risks The various significant business and financial risks that are relevant for the company are discussed below. Reduction in the legitimate tobacco market size There may be a reduction in the overall market for tobacco products which may be on account of the following reasons (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). The availability and underlying demand of tobacco products in various geographies is highly influenced by the extent and nature of government regulation due to the adverse impact of the tobacco based products. Excessive regulation may significantly alter the consumer demand and additionally also increase the compliance costs. There may be increases in the excise duty implemented at the behest of the government. This may be done with the intention of raising public funding or to limit the usage of tobacco. As a result of the above two measures, there is a growing illicit trade market in case of tobacco products. Also, the counterfeits are also on the increase as consumers seek cheaper alternatives and thus causing decline of legal tobacco market. Any significant economic slowdown experienced in major markets may reduce the disposable income of consumers and thus either there may be decline in the overall market coupled with an increasing market for smuggled illicit products that are available for cheaper prices. Legal and Regulatory Compliance There may be significant legal and compliance costs which may have adverse impact on the business because of the following two reasons (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). It is possible that the company may violate certain national and/or international laws and hence may have to incur significant penalties besides loss of reputation. The company faces a plethora of litigation from the users of tobacco and e-vapour products. These cases result in significant legal costs which adverse impact the business profitability. Downside to marketplace especially Europe The company has significant presence in the various mature markets of Europe and thus any significant downturn in these markets may have adverse impact on the revenue and profits of the company. Besides, the exit of various nations from the EU and the Euro valuation may also have adverse impact on the companys financial performance. The manufacturing and distribution operations may be negatively impacted in case of any disruptions due to political instability and/or civil unrest in these geographies (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Financing Risk The company has significant outstanding debt and hence any fall in the credit rating would lead to an increase in the finance cost and thus adversely impact the profitability of the company operations. Besides, a significant downturn in financial markets such as the global financial crisis may lead to potential issues with regards to the refinancing of the debt which are due for maturity in the near term. As a result, the cost of raising debt along with the underlying cost may increase. Besides, there is always the risk of defaulting on the interest and the principal repayment due to declining business prospects (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Recent Financial Performance In order to analyse the financial performance of the company, a ratio analysis has been conducted based on the consolidated financial statements of the company for the year FY2014 and FY2015. The various relevant ratios have been computed and the financial performance has been compared for the two most recent years. Profitability Ratios Analysis The various relevant profitability ratios are as shown in the following table (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Ratio Formula FY2014 FY2015 Gross profit margin Gross Profit/ Revenue 19.58% 20.45% Net profit margin Net Profit/ Revenue 5.46% 6.81% Return on Assets Net Profit/ Total Assets 5.58% 5.72% Return on Equity Net Profit/ Total Equity 26.45% 30.25% Even though there has been a decline in the overall revenue due to a decline in the selected European markets that form the Markets South, but the profitability of the business has improved in the year FY2015 as compared to the corresponding previous year i.e. FY2014. The gross profit margin for the company in the year FY2015 has enhanced by 87 basis points on account of operational efficiency and cost management initiatives by the company. The net profit margin of the company has increased by 135 basis points primarily on account of increase in investment income, decrease in tax paid coupled with savings on account of cost management initiatives (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). The higher net profit in FY2015 also leads to significantly improvement in the return on equity and return on assets. Thus, it is apparent that the profitability in FY2015 for the company is higher as compared to FY2014. The profitability data for British American Tobacco (BAT) is shown below. From the above table, it is clear the profitability is higher for BAT in comparison with Imperial Tobacco. This is despite the drop in gross margins in FY2015 for BAT. The shareholders returns and net profitability for BAT have improved on back of decrease in operational expenses. Liquidity Ratios Analysis The various relevant liquidity ratios are as shown in the following table (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Ratio Formula FY2014 FY2015 Current Ratio Current Assets/ Current Liabilities 3.35 3.30 Quick Ratio (Current Asset - Inventories)/ Current Liabilities 2.98 2.99 It is apparent from the above table that the current ratio for the company at the end of FY2015 is marginally lower than the corresponding value at the end of FY2014. This is primarily on account of higher percentage increase in the current liabilities as compared to the current assets. The disproportionate increase in current liabilities is due to the rise in short 1term loans from 429 million at the end of FY2014 to 1,957 million at the end of FY2015. The quick ratio on the other hand has marginally improved at the end of FY2015 primarily because of a slight decrease in the overall inventory level (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). However, it is evident that the short term liquidity isnt an area of concern for the company since the ratios despite slight variations continue to be robust (Damodaran, 2008). Turnover Ratio Analysis The various relevant turnover ratios are as shown in the following table (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Ratio Formula FY2014 FY2015 Asset Turnover Sales/Total Assets 1.02 0.84 Inventory Turnover Cost of goods sold/Inventory 7.40 7.08 Receivables Turnover Sales/Accounts Receivables 9.58 10.31 Payables Turnover Cost of goods sold/Accounts Payable 3.06 2.96 It is apparent from the above table the asset turnover has witnessed a decline in FY2015 primarily on account of decline in the overall revenue in FY2015 due to slowdown in selected European markets (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). The impact of lower sales is also reflected in the lower value of the inventory turnover in FY2015. The receivables turnover ratio has significantly improved in FY2015 despite lower sales generated which clearly indicates that there has been a sizable drop in the receivable days which would reduce the overall cash cycle of the firm and thus lead to reduction in working capital requirements. The payables turnover has decreased in FY2015 which indicates that the company has a longer credit period and thus leads to shortening of the cash cycle (Ross, Westerfield Jordan, 2013). Gearing Ratios Analysis The various relevant gearing ratios are as shown in the following table (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Ratio Formula FY2014 FY2015 Debt to equity ratio (Short term + long term debt)/ Total equity 1.81 2.49 Interest Coverage Ratio Operating Profit/ Interest Expense 1.91 1.64 Long term debt to equity ratio Long term debt/Total equity 1.73 2.15 It is apparent from the above table that there is a significant increase in the debt to equity ratio primarily on increase in both long term and short term debt. The short term debt has increased from 429 million at the end of FY2014 to 1,957 million at the end of FY2015. Further, the long term borrowings have increased from 9,462 million at the end of FY2014 to 12,250 million at the end of FY2015. It is evident that majority of the debt on the books of accounts is of long term (Imperial Tobacco, 2015). Further, owing to a significant uptick in the overall debt, the interest expense has also increased which has led to a decline in the interest coverage ratio in FY2015 (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). Debt capacity and sources of finance It is apparent from the above discussion on the gearing ratios that while the equity of the company has remained steady, the primary source of financing seems to be based on debt. As a result of usage of debt as the lone funding mechanism in FY2015, the total debt equity ratio has reached a tipping point which coupled with a declining interest coverage ratio raises uncomfortable questions with regards to the companys continued ability to carry on with a debt based growth. The total debt to equity has already reached 2.49 which implies that debt funding accounts for nearly 71% of the total capital while equity amounts to only 29% of the total capital invested in the business (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2013). As a result, it may be concluded that the company has limited capacity to raise further debt and hence must focus on enhancing equity financing as possible source of finance going forward. As the global capital markets improve with the retracting US economy, it may be fair to expect that raising equity at healthy valuation should not be an issue for a reputed company like Imperial Tobacco with established brands. This would strengthen the balance sheet of the company and reduce the financing risk associated with the fall in the credit rating especially considering the nature of the business which is prone to government regulation and litigation. Recommendation of optimal capital mix The optimal capital mix for a particular firm is dependent on a plethora of factors including the capital requirements of the industry, market share of the firm and the underlying tax structure. It is apparent from the balance sheet of the company that around 60% of the overall assets are essentially intangible assets such as copyrights and brand names. Other fixed assets such as plant and machinery form less than 10% of the total assets of the company as on FY2015. Thus, long term capital is primarily required only for acquisition for other brands and players in the tobacco industry so as to enhance presence in a particular geography (Damodaran, 2008). As a result, a high long term debt is not a matter of concern considering that financing requirements for normal course of business is limited. Further, the company is the fourth largest tobacco product manufacturer in the world and hence can afford to have a stretched balance sheet at the present. However, going forward the company should look at a mix of equity and debt for financing acquisitions and should aim for a 65:35 funding mix skewed in favour of debt especially because the company is able to raise long term finance at competitive rates. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is evident that the company faces significant business risks primarily in the form of shrinking legal market due to government regulation and taxes, legal and compliance issues along with economic downturn especially in key European markets. Besides, the company also faces financial risk primarily on account of sizable debt funding and the associated interest cost. The financial performance of the company in FY2015 in terms of profitability has improved as compared to the previous years. The amount of debt on the books of account has enhanced in FY2015 which limits companys ability to raise further debt and hence the emphasis should be more on equity financing so that an optimal mix of 65:35 in the favour of debt could be attained in the long term. This seems suitable for the given industry with high share of intangible asset coupled with the companys reputation and market share. References Brealey, R, Myers, S Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th edn, McGraw Hill Publications, LondonBrigham, EF Ehrhardt, MC 2013. Financial Management: Theory Practice, 14th edn., South-Western College Publications, New YorkDamodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, 4th edn, Wiley Publications Pvt. Ltd, London Imperial Tobacco 2015, Annual Report and Accounts 2015, Imperial Tobacco Group Plc, Available online from https://ar15.imperial-tobacco.com/pdfs/full-annual-report-2015.pdf (Accessed on March 13, 2016) Ross, S, Westerfield, R Jordan, B 2013. Essentials Corporate Finance, 8th edn., McGraw-Hill/Irwin Publications, New York